Particle Physics Portal

Chronicle of Theory, Experiment, and the Pioneers of the Subatomic World

Master Scoreboard (1897 – 2012)

Year Milestone / Particle Key Figures / Collaboration Type Foundational Paper / DOI
1897 Electron ($e^-$) J.J. Thomson Exp Phil. Mag. 44, 293
1928 Antimatter Prediction P.A.M. Dirac Theory Proc. R. Soc. A 117
1932 Positron ($e^+$) Carl Anderson Exp Phys. Rev. 43, 491
1936 Muon ($\mu^-$) Anderson / Neddermeyer Exp Phys. Rev. 51, 884
1947 Pion ($\pi^\pm$) Lattes / Occhialini / Powell Exp Nature 159, 694
1956 Neutrino ($\nu_e$) Reines / Cowan Exp Science 124, 103
1957 Parity Violation C.S. Wu / Lee & Yang (Th) Exp Phys. Rev. 105, 1413
1962 Muon Neutrino ($\nu_\mu$) Lederman / Schwartz / Steinberger Exp PRL 9, 36
1964 Quark Model ($u, d, s$) Gell-Mann / Zweig Theory Phys. Lett. 8, 214
1964 CP Violation Cronin / Fitch Exp PRL 13, 138
1967 Standard Model (EW) Steven Weinberg Theory PRL 19, 1264
1973 Asymptotic Freedom Gross / Wilczek / Politzer Theory PRL 30, 1343
1974 Charm Quark ($c$) Richter (SLAC) / Ting (BNL) Exp PRL 33, 1404
1975 Tau Lepton ($\tau^-$) Martin Perl Exp PRL 35, 1489
1977 Bottom Quark ($b$) Leon Lederman (E288) Exp PRL 39, 252
1979 Gluon ($g$) TASSO Collaboration Exp PRL 43, 830
1983 $W^\pm, Z^0$ Bosons UA1 / UA2 (Rubbia) Exp PLB 122, 103
1995 Top Quark ($t$) CDF / D0 (Fermilab) Exp PRL 74, 2626
1998 Neutrino Mass Super-Kamiokande Exp PRL 81, 1562
2000 Tau Neutrino ($\nu_\tau$) DONUT Collaboration Exp PLB 487, 1
2012 Higgs Boson ($H^0$) ATLAS / CMS Exp PLB 716, 1